вроде можно, функция
cudaMemcpyToSymbol ( const char * symbol, const void * src,
size_t count, size_t offset,
enum cudaMemcpyKind kind )

"Copies count bytes from the memory area pointed to by src to the memory area pointed to by offset bytes from the start of symbol symbol. The memory areas may not overlap. symbol can either be a variable that resides in global or constant memory space, or it can be a character string, naming a variable that resides in global or constant memory space. kind can be either cudaMemcpyHostToDevice or cudaMemcpyDeviceToDevice."

Используем cudaMemcpyDeviceToDevice, src - твоя память девайса, symbol - переменная в константной памяти.